CAPACITÁNDONOS Y APRENDIENDO MÁS DE LA CHAMBA
CALIDAD DE LOS MATERIALES (II)
Para construir una edificación segura no sólo es importante contar con mano de obra experimentada, también es fundamental asegurar la calidad de todos los materiales que utilices. Los siguientes consejos te ayudarán a distinguir entre un material bueno y uno malo, además de almacenarlos y conservarlos en tu obra. Veamos qué requisitos deben cumplir el hormigón, el cemento y el agua.
1. Hormigón
Es una combinación de arena gruesa y piedras de diferente tamaño. Se usa para preparar concreto para sobrecimientos, cimientos, falsas zapatas y calzaduras.
Ten en cuenta que:
- No debe estar mojado antes de su uso.
- No debe tener materia orgánica, es decir, restos de plantas, cáscaras, etc.
- No debe ser de color negruzco.
- No debe tener olor.
- No debe tener arcilla.
- No debe tener salitre.
Una manera sencilla de comprobar si el hormi- gón tiene salitre (sal) o no, consiste en agitar un puñado de este material en un recipiente con agua. Si después de agitarlo, observas mucha espuma, significa que hay presencia de sal, es decir es de mala calidad.
Por otro lado, es importante que el tamaño de los granos del hormigón sea variado (grandes, medianos y pequeños). Si los granos son uniformes, difícilmente el cemento podrá rellenar los espacios entre partículas, formándose un concreto poco resistente al ataque químico de los suelos.
2. Cemento
Ten en cuenta estas recomendaciones para controlar y cuidar su calidad:
a. Antes de recibirlo en tu obra:
- Las bolsas deben estar totalmente cerradas.
- El cemento debe estar fresco, es decir, no debe sentirse duro cuando lo tocas con la mano.
- En el interior de la bolsa, no debe haberse formado algunas "bolitas" duras.
- El papel de la bolsa debe estar totalmente seco.
- Debes controlar la cantidad de cemento en algunas de las bolsas mediante una gavera de madera (Ver figura 1) .
b. Una vez en la obra:
- Debes colocarlo sobre largueros de madera o palos, no debe estar en contacto directo con el suelo y cubrirlo con plástico o bolsas de cemento vacías (Ver figura 2).
- Las rumas no deben de tener más de 10 bolsas de alto.
- De preferencia, guárdalo en lugares cerrados y secos. Debes usarlo por orden de llegada, es decir los más antiguos primero.
3. Agua
Debes usar agua potable, limpia y fresca en el curado y preparación del concreto. No deberá contener residuos de aceites, ácidos, ni materia orgánica, arcilla, lodo o algas.
No emplees el agua que haya sido utilizada previamente en otras tareas, pues el agua potable sucia o agua no potable (acequia, río, etc.), contiene impurezas que pueden afectar seriamente la calidad del concreto.
¿Qué problemas podría causar al concreto el agua que no cumple los requisitos mencionados?
- Disminuye la resistencia del concreto (f´c).
- Causa corrosión en el refuerzo.
- Altera el tiempo que el concreto necesita para endurecer totalmente.
- Puede producir eflorescencia sobre la superficie (polvo de color blanco).
- Inestabilidad volumétrica, el concreto cambia de volumen en exceso.
- Menor durabilidad.
Aceros Arequipa S.A. Corporation
Av. Antonio Miró Quesada
N.° 425, piso 17, Magdalena del Mar.
517-1800
Carretera Panamericana Sur Km 241. Paracas. Pisco - Ica
Variante de Uchumayo Km 5.5, Cerro Colorado, Arequipa
Av. Tupac Amaru 1620 AA.HH. Alto Mochica II, la Esperanza, Trujillo
Sector Coscobamba, Carretera Piura - Paita S/N Lote 5A Piura - Piura - Veintiséis de Octubre
Aceros del Altiplano S.R.L. Corporation
Urb. Parque Industrial Latinoamericano, Unidad Industrial UI 06,Mz. 1, lote 4 - Warnes.
Calle E - Lote 14 manzano A-08 Urbanización Cervecería Boliviana Nacional - Bellavista Viacha.
Calle Tte. Monasterios S/N Zona La Maica - Cochabamba.
ACEROS AMÉRICA S.A.S.
Cra 25 #13 – 117
Parcelación Industrial la Y. Yumbo
Aceros Arequipa AA S.AS Corporation.
Barrio Ficas Delia Vía Durán Tampo KM. 8.5 Durán - Guayas - Ecuador
ACEROS AMÉRICA SpA
Sucursal: COST ORIENTE RUTA 26, #S/N NUDO URIBE - ANTOFAGASTA
Usa
13838 Harllee Rd., Palmetto, FL 34221
+1 (941) 722-5566
2550 Ave N, St. Petersburg, FL 33713
+1 (727) 321-5878
In Aceros Arequipa S.A. (hereinafter, "Aceros Arequipa") we believe in the importance of communicating our ideas and do it in a transparent manner. so these terms will allow users of our website and / or any of our applications know the terms under which these services are used made available on our digital platform. By using the digital services made available by Aceros Arequipa, you accept the conditions described in this document and in the privacy policies, as well as in the other terms published in order to make you aware of your rights and duties when using any of these elements that we make available to you.
2. Aims and purpose.The purpose of our efforts developed on our digital platforms is to let you know the information to which you have access. This information is published and made available to you for your use under the conditions expressed in this document and the data that you authorize to use are all those that correspond to your personal data.
3. Use of our services.The services we make available to you must be used in good faith and in accordance with the following guidelines:
• They must be used properly and in good faith.
• You must only access our services using the user interfaces provided by our company.
• Any attempt to interfere with such services by any means is prohibited.
• If we detect manually or through the use of our electronic security systems that any user is attempting to use these services inappropriately, our company may block the user and deny access to them without restriction.
• The use of our platform does not make you the owner of any of the elements that make it up.
• All the elements that make up our services, whether they are configuration and/or programming codes, as well as the published content elements, are the property of Aceros Arequipa or of those who are authorized to use them by means of an agreement.
• None of our services should be used in any way that could infringe a current rule, or is contrary to morality or decency.
Some of the services provided on the digital platform may require the entry and therefore the delivery of personal data, before accessing them. In these cases you agree to provide truthful information or simply not use such services. In the event that you are required to create a username and password, you are responsible for your password and the proper care of it. Our company is not responsible for any action that may be taken using your password on our systems if you have failed to comply with this obligation.
We are respectful of the law and, therefore, of the protection of your personal information which is done in accordance with the provisions relating to the law 1581 of 2012, which corresponds to the protection and management of personal data. As well as all those rules that involve the development of the same. For more information related to the way in which Aceros Arequipa protects the information and personal data of users, you can enter the following link and view the privacy policies of the information: View cookie policies
5. Contents used.Our services make available to you a large amount of content in digital format, whether text, images, videos, or other content that we may deem appropriate to use. The ownership of the copyright published in any of these services belongs to Aceros Arequipa, its customers, suppliers or third parties that may have authorized us to use these contents.
Under no circumstances may any user appropriate, claim as their own or claim ownership of any of these contents. In case you consider that any of the contents published by us is violating any rule of copyright and / or industrial property you can use the comment system to let us know. The comment must have contact details and identification of the user in order to contact you and make the clarification to the claim filed.
6. Improvements and modifications.Aceros Arequipa constantly modifies and improves the characteristics of the services it provides on its digital platform. For this reason it is possible that some services may be modified over time and others may be restricted or even eliminated.
You may stop using any of our services at any time, just as we may modify or discontinue providing them.
7. Modification of these Terms and Conditions.Any modification, update or extension produced in these Terms and Conditions will be immediately published, being the responsibility of the User to review the Terms and Conditions in force at the time of navigation. The use by users of the site or Aceros Arequipa is considered as irrevocable acceptance of such revisions.
Date of last update: 27/08/2021.